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The main factors affecting surface quality of laser cutting
by：Transon
2020-10-28
The pros and cons of laser cutting quality refers to the dimension accuracy of cutting height and cutting surface quality, cutting surface quality generally in the following four measures: (1) notch width and notch surface roughness;
(2) heat affected zone width;
(3) in the cross section of the incision ripple;
(4) surface had incision under section or hang slag.
Here is to analyze the main factors affecting surface quality of laser cutting.
1。 Laser cutting with laser
should have high beam quality. Laser cutting is based on the thermal effect of processing, to obtain high power density and fine incision, focusing spot diameter is smaller, at the same time, cutting along different direction to ensure the quality of the consistency, the laser beam should have good around the axis rotation symmetry and emission direction of the circular polarization sensitivity and high stability, to ensure the focused light spot position stable. Modern laser should also have high continuous and repeated output quickly switch function, to ensure the high quality of complex contour cutting.
2。 The focusing lens and the thickness of sheet
lens focal length is cut according to the thickness of the material selection, focusing spot diameter and depth of focus, material thickness, the focal length should be big, on the other hand, the focus should be small. Focused light spot position should be close to the surface, usually make the focus is on the plate surface offset about one-third of thickness.
3。 Airflow nozzle and
in the laser cutting air blow molten material, cutting energy focusing lens and even provide some protection role. Gas pressure and flow rate are the important factors influencing the cutting quality, pressure is too low, blow not to walk incision of molten material; Too high, easy to form vortex in the workpiece surface, weaken the effect of air flow to remove molten material instead. Practice has proved that different structure of the nozzle to cut also can produce different effects.
4。
the cutting speed cutting speed depends on the laser power density and cut material thermal physical properties and thickness, etc. For a certain cutting conditions, a reasonable range of cutting speed, cutting speed is too high, incision slag removal, even cut, cutting speed is too low, the material burnt, incision width and heat affected zone.
5。 Cutting path
or have a turning point for complex contour parts cutting, due to the change of the acceleration, easy to melt overheat the turning points to form a flat Angle, thus reasonable cutting trajectory is one of the effective way to avoid this phenomenon.
1。 Laser cutting with laser
should have high beam quality. Laser cutting is based on the thermal effect of processing, to obtain high power density and fine incision, focusing spot diameter is smaller, at the same time, cutting along different direction to ensure the quality of the consistency, the laser beam should have good around the axis rotation symmetry and emission direction of the circular polarization sensitivity and high stability, to ensure the focused light spot position stable. Modern laser should also have high continuous and repeated output quickly switch function, to ensure the high quality of complex contour cutting.
2。 The focusing lens and the thickness of sheet
lens focal length is cut according to the thickness of the material selection, focusing spot diameter and depth of focus, material thickness, the focal length should be big, on the other hand, the focus should be small. Focused light spot position should be close to the surface, usually make the focus is on the plate surface offset about one-third of thickness.
3。 Airflow nozzle and
in the laser cutting air blow molten material, cutting energy focusing lens and even provide some protection role. Gas pressure and flow rate are the important factors influencing the cutting quality, pressure is too low, blow not to walk incision of molten material; Too high, easy to form vortex in the workpiece surface, weaken the effect of air flow to remove molten material instead. Practice has proved that different structure of the nozzle to cut also can produce different effects.
4。
the cutting speed cutting speed depends on the laser power density and cut material thermal physical properties and thickness, etc. For a certain cutting conditions, a reasonable range of cutting speed, cutting speed is too high, incision slag removal, even cut, cutting speed is too low, the material burnt, incision width and heat affected zone.
5。 Cutting path
or have a turning point for complex contour parts cutting, due to the change of the acceleration, easy to melt overheat the turning points to form a flat Angle, thus reasonable cutting trajectory is one of the effective way to avoid this phenomenon.
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