Laser cutting machine, it is a kind of high energy, high density, good controllability non-contact processing equipment. After laser beam focus, can form high energy density of light, application in cutting the surface. And laser cutting machine, mainly there are four different ways of cutting, in order to cope with different situations.

1, melt cutting

in laser fusion cutting the workpiece after partial melting with the aid of the molten material ejected. Because the material transfer occurs only in the case of the liquid, so the process is called the laser fusion cutting. The beam of the laser cutting machine cutting gas with high purity, can make molten material away from the slot, and gas by itself is not involved in cutting. The laser fusion cutting can get higher cutting speed than gasification cutting. The energy for the gasification is generally higher than the energy for the melt material. In laser fusion cutting, the laser beam is only absorbed by part.

also, we need to know, maximum cutting speed increased with the increase of laser power, with the increase of thickness and material melting temperature almost inverse proportion to the increase of decrease. Under the condition of the laser power must, limiting factor is the cutting seam pressure and thermal conductivity of materials. The laser fusion cutting for iron material and titanium material, can get no oxidation incision. Produce gasification and melting but is less than the laser power density, for steel materials, in the 104 w/cm2 ~ 105 w/cm2.

2, vaporization cutting

in the process of laser gasification cut, material surface temperature to the boiling point temperature speed is so fast, enough to avoid melting caused by heat conduction, so part of the material vaporized into steam, part of the material as the ejecta from the bottom of the kerf width auxiliary gas flow blown away. Therefore, this kind of circumstance, need very high laser power.

and we in order to prevent the steam condensate to the slot wall material, the thickness of the material must not be substantially more than the diameter of the laser beam, the processing and therefore only suitable for application in the case of melting materials must be avoided.

and the processing and cannot be used for those without melting state is unlikely to let material vapor condensation material, such as wood and some ceramic. In addition, these materials to achieve more often thick incision. In laser vaporization cutting, the optimal beam focus depends on the thickness of the material and the quality of the beam. Laser power and vaporization heat has a certain influence on the position of the optimal focus. Under the condition of the plate thickness must be, maximum cutting speed is the material of the gasification temperature. The laser power density is greater than 108 w/cm2, and depends on the material, cutting depth and the beam focus position. Under the condition of the plate thickness must be, assuming that there is enough of laser power, maximum cutting speed is limited by a gas jet speed.



3, fracture control cutting

for easy heat damage of brittle materials, high speed, controlled by laser beam heating cutting, called control fracture cutting. This kind of laser cutting machine cutting process is the main content: laser beam heating brittle material is small area, causing the area of thermal gradient and severe mechanical deformation, cracks leads to the formation of a material. Laser beam may guide so long as you keep balanced heating gradient cracks in any direction.

4, oxidation melting cutting, Laser flame cutting)

melt cutting generally use inert gases, if replaced with oxygen or other reactive gas, was lit materials under the irradiation of laser beam, and the chemical reaction of oxygen violent and produce another source of heat, make further heating material, called oxidation melting cutting.

due to the effect, for the same thickness of the steel, the method can be used to get the cutting rate is higher than melting cutting. On the other hand, this method is compared with fusion cutting may be poorer quality of incision. In fact, it will generate more wide slot, roughness, obvious increase of heat affected zone and the edge of the worse quality. Laser flame cutting on the machining precision model and Angle is bad ( There is a risk of burning Angle) 。 Can use of laser pulse mode to limit the thermal effect, the laser power decided to cutting speed. Under the condition of the laser power must, limiting factor is the supply of oxygen and thermal conductivity of materials.

above, is the most commonly used four ways laser cutting machine, the user can according to the power of cutting equipment, processing requirements and material properties to determine the cutting scheme.